A-Level Chemistry

Directing Groups in the Reactions of Benzene

In this video, we look at directing groups in the reactions of benzene compounds. First we explore how the hydroxyl and amine groups can activate the benzene ring. We then look at how these groups direct substitution to carbons 2 and 4. Next, we look at how the nitro group reduces the reactivity of the benzene ring and how this directs substitution to carbon 3.